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What is CAD & CAM?

  

CAD (computer aided design):

Computer aided design is the integration of the computer and graphics to aid in the areas of design and drafting. Computer aided design and drafting software are design for mechanical designer and draftsmen, but also for the other fields.

Architectural firms use form of CAD. Use of CAD architecture can draw different design like room plan and different structural model.

Computer aided design, or simply CAD, by definition is the combination of hardware and software components providing the tool of planning and designing and modeling.

History of CAD:

The history of CAD began traced back to 1950. CAD was initially used on mainframe computers in early 1980 Auto Desk revolutionized CAD system by making Auto-CAD, which could be run on a PC.

 
Uses/Application of CAD:

The CAD is used in great number of professional application. This can be a category.

1. MCAD (mechanical CAD). Used by engineers to design complex parts of different machines.
2. AEC (architectureengineering and construction) used for creation of buildings and their system.
3. GIS (geographicalinformation system) to generate maps from topographic data. Automobile designer at large auto manufacturing plants use cad to design many prototypes of different cars before creating solid models.

CAM (computer aided manufacturing):

CAM a type of automation in which computers communicate all working instructions direct to manufacturing machinery. Today a single only one computer can control banks of robotics milling machine, lathes, and welding machine and other tools. The use of computer to control the factory machines in the manufacturing process is called computer aided manufacturing (CAM).

CNC (computer numerical control):

CNC is the system in which operator program computer that control the milling process apparatus. A human does not attend the actual machine. Unlike a human, a computer-controlled difficult tasks. CNC devices make a possible to cut more difficult parts with greater precision. Often a CNC machine a connected to a CAD workstation. By watching the monitor, the CNC operator can view the part as the machine is making it.

Printer and Types of Printer

Printers:

1. Impact Printers
2. Non-impact Printers

Impact Printers:

1. Dot-Matrix Printers:

 2. Daisy-Wheel Printers:

Non-Impact Printer:

 a. Laser Printers:

b- Ink-Jet Printers:

Generations of Computer & Laptops:

First Generation (1945-1950):

Second Generation (1950-1959):

Computer:

1. Micro Computers 
2. Mini Computers
3. Mainframe Computers
4. Super Computers

Micro Computer:

Mini Computer:

Mainframe Computer:

Super Computer:

What is Fiber Optic Cable?

Fiber Optic Cable: 

A Fiber Optic cable consists of hundreds or thousands of thin strands of glass that transmit beams of light instead of electricity. It is 10 then hair. Data transfer rate of Fiber Optic is very fast. There is no chance of data loss. Light pulse is not affected by random electromagnetic interference in the environment. They have much lower error rates than normal telephone twisted pair are coaxial cable.

Advantages of Fiber Optic Cable:

1. System performance Greatly increased bandwidth and capacity
2. Lower signal attenuation (loss) 
3. Immunity to electrical noise 
4. To noise the immune (electromagnetic interference and radio frequency interference) 
5. Less restrictive in harsh environment
6. Overall system economy 

Disadvantages of Fiber Optic Cable: 

1. Fiber optic components are expensive
2. Fiber transmitters and receivers are still relatively expensive compared to electrical interfaces 
3. The lack of standardization in the industry is also Limited the acceptance of fiber optics.

Basic Network Terminologies

Basic Network Terminologies:

1. Data
2. Data Rate
3. Baud Rate
4. Pick Data Rate 
5. Bursty Data 

1. Data: 

2. Data Rate: 

3. Baud Rate:

4. Peak Data rate:

5. Bursty Data:

Uses of Computer

Computer Uses in police department: 

History of Computer:

EDVAC was the first machine which the people can used for solving their problems easily, but still it was not a useful machine because it could not solve all the problems of that time. Therefore, efforts were made to develop such a machine, which can solve all our problems. In this situation, to improve the previous machine to the latest one Scientists continued their experience. Due to these improvements, we have now computers, which can solve all types of our problems.

History of Computer:

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